Second Law: The area swept over per hour by the radius joining the Sun and the planet is the same in all parts of the planet’s orbit. Three laws given by Kepler is as follows:įirst Law: The orbits of the planets are in the shape of ellipse, having the Sun at one focus. This force always acts towards the centre of the circular path.Ĭ. (iv) The force required to keep an object under circular motion is known as centripetal force. (iii) The minimum velocity required to project an object to escape from the Earth's gravitational pull is known as escape velocity. It is a constant for every object falling on Earth’s surface. (ii) The acceleration with which an object moves towards the centre of Earth during its free fall is called acceleration due to gravity. (i) A body is said to be under free fall when no other force except the force of gravity is acting on it. W = m g or W ∝ g and since the values of acceleration due to gravity on both the planets differ, thus the weight of the object will be different for both the planets.ī. This is because the weight ( W) of an object at a place depends on the acceleration due to gravity of that place i.e. The mass of an object on the Earth will be same as that on Mars but its weight on both the planets will be different. The weight of a body can be measured using a spring balance and a weighing machine. The mass of a body can be measured using a beam balance and a pan balance. Since weight is a force, its SI unit is newton (N). The weight of a body depends on the local acceleration due to gravity where it is placed. The mass of a body remains the same everywhere in the universe. Weight is an extrinsic property of a body. Weight is the force exerted on a body due to the gravitational pull of another body such as Earth, the sun and the moon. Mass is the amount of matter contained in a body.
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