Jimmy Iovine, who was still early in his career as a music producer, served as sound engineer for the project at the recommendation of John Lennon, who was contacted to contribute but was unable to take part. The remainder of the record is audio, designed to be played at 16 + 2⁄ 3 revolutions per minute. The 116 images (one used for calibration) are encoded in analogue form and composed of 512 vertical lines. The pulsar map and hydrogen molecule diagram are shared in common with the Pioneer plaque. The person waving on the diagram was also changed: on the Pioneer plaque, the man is waving, while on the "Vertebrate evolution" image, the woman is waving. However, the record does contain "Diagram of vertebrate evolution", by Jon Lomberg, with drawings of an anatomically correct naked male and naked female, showing external organs. Instead, only a silhouette of the couple was included. Īfter NASA had received criticism over the nudity on the Pioneer plaque (line drawings of a naked man and woman), the agency chose not to allow Sagan and his colleagues to include a photograph of a nude man and woman on the record. During the recording of the brainwaves, Druyan thought of many topics, including Earth's history, civilizations and the problems they face, and what it was like to fall in love. The Golden Record also carries an hour-long recording of the brainwaves of Ann Druyan. It also included the sounds of humpbacked whales from the 1970 album by Roger Payne, Songs of the Humpback Whale. Brown, Timothy Ferris as producer, and Jimmy Iovine as sound engineer. Goode" was controversial, with some claiming that rock music was "adolescent", to which Sagan replied, "There are a lot of adolescents on the planet." The selection of music for the record was completed by a team composed of Carl Sagan as project director, Linda Salzman Sagan, Frank Drake, Alan Lomax, Ann Druyan as creative director, artist Jon Lomberg, ethnomusicologist Robert E. The disc also includes music by Guan Pinghu, Blind Willie Johnson, Chuck Berry, Kesarbai Kerkar, Valya Balkanska, and electronic composer Laurie Spiegel, as well as Azerbaijani folk music ( Mugham) by oboe player Kamil Jalilov. Bach (interpreted by Glenn Gould), Mozart, Beethoven (played by the Budapest String Quartet), and Stravinsky. The musical selection is also varied, featuring works by composers such as J.S. All measures used on the pictures are defined in the first few images using physical references that are likely to be consistent anywhere in the universe. Some images contain indications of chemical composition. Many pictures are annotated with one or more indications of scales of time, size, or mass. These images show food, architecture, and humans in portraits as well as going about their day-to-day lives. Images of humanity depict a broad range of cultures. Care was taken to include not only pictures of humanity, but also some of animals, insects, plants and landscapes. The first images are of scientific interest, showing mathematical and physical quantities, the Solar System and its planets, DNA, and human anatomy and reproduction. The collection of images includes many photographs and diagrams both in black and white, and color. Problems playing this file? See media help. We are attempting to survive our time so we may live into yours. This is a present from a small, distant world, a token of our sounds, our science, our images, our music, our thoughts and our feelings. Like their predecessors Pioneer 10 and 11, which featured a simple plaque, both Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 were launched by NASA with a message aboard-a kind of time capsule, intended to communicate to extraterrestrials a story of the world of humans on Earth. Both Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 have reached interstellar space, the region between stars where the galactic plasma is present. The Voyager 1 probe is currently the farthest human-made object from Earth. Ĭarl Sagan noted that "The spacecraft will be encountered and the record played only if there are advanced space-faring civilizations in interstellar space, but the launching of this 'bottle' into the cosmic 'ocean' says something very hopeful about life on this planet." Background The records are a time capsule.Īlthough neither Voyager spacecraft is heading toward any particular star, Voyager 1 will pass within 1.6 light-years' distance of the star Gliese 445, currently in the constellation Camelopardalis, in about 40,000 years. The records contain sounds and images selected to portray the diversity of life and culture on Earth, and are intended for any intelligent extraterrestrial life form who may find them. The Voyager Golden Records are two identical phonograph records one of each which were included aboard the two Voyager spacecraft launched in 1977. The golden record's location on Voyager (middle-bottom-left)
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